Scientific and special images of
herpetology, toxinology, & biosphere.

Herpetology | Toxinology | Biosphere

Copyright © Dr. Zoltan Takacs. All Rights Reserved.

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Herpetology
Incubator for eggs of the Saltwater crocodiles (Crocodylus porosus) and Philippine crocodiles (C. mindorensis). Philippines.
20131_160.jpg (15960 bytes) Dead Yellow-lipped sea krait (Laticauda colubrina) is eaten by a crab about 300 m offshore Palawan. Philippines.
Sea turtle hatchery.  Eggs naturally deposited on the nearby shore are collected and transfered here for monitoring the incubation and hatching. Malaysia.
Freshly emerged Green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) in an artificial hatchery. Malaysia.
Sand viper sinks into the desert sand in a few seconds (Cerastes vipera). Israel.
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of the Eastern green mamba (Dendroaspis angusticeps).  Pecipitated with ethanol and dried on a glass rod.
Mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of  different African bush viper species (Atheris spp.) amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).   Visualized by ethidium bromide staining and UV illumination.
Snake sheds skin. Horned adder (Bitis caudalis).
Foam nest with tadpole. Suriname.
Blood withdrawal from a cobra (Naja) in Vietnam.
Warning sign for crocodiles. Australia.

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Toxinology
Venom extraction from taipan (Oxyuranus scutellatus). Australia.
Banded krait (Bungarus fasciatus). Venom extraction from the Banded krait (Bungarus fasciatus) for snake dancing in central Myanmar.

Details...
Venom extraction ("milking"). Venom extraction from an Australian Elapidae snake, the roof of the mouth is shown.  Left fang clearly penetrates the membrane covering the extraction beaker, the right fang just scratching it.   Venom dorps are on the wall of the beaker.  Photographed upward from inside of the beaker.
Fangs, enlarged maxillary teeth, of the Montpellier snake (Malpolon monspessulanus) Enlarged maxillary teeth of the Montpellier snake (Malpolon monspessulanus) on the distal end of maxilla.  Grooves that aids venom injection are visible.  Typical opisthoglypha "fangs".
Bite of an aplypha snake. Bite, teeth marks, of an aplypha snake.
Snake bite of the Montpellier snake (Malpolon monspessulanus). Bite, teeth marks, of a rear-fanged (opisthoglypha) snake,   Montpellier snake (Malpolon monspessulanus).
Snake bite of the Meadow viper (Vipera ursinii). Bite of the Meadow viper (Vipera ursinii). Typical bite of a solenoglypha snake showing the fang marks caused by the the two functional fangs sitting on the maxillas.
Snake bite of an unidentified pit viper (Crotalinae). Symtoms caused by the bite of an unidentified pit viper (Crotalinae) species in Leticia, Colombia.
Western diamonback rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox). Ventrolateral view of the skull of a Western diamonback rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox). Functional (between the mandibula) and replacement (above the right mandibula) fangs are visible.  Both sockets of the right maxilla is occupied by a fang.
Vipers (Bitis arietans and Daboia russelli). Vipers (Bitis arietans and Daboia russelli) in a snake farm for venom production. Transparent plastic curtain front of the cages for temperature control. France.
Black-necked spitting cobra (Naja nigricollis). Electron micrography of the rat skeletal muscle before (left) and after (right) treatment with Black-necked spitting cobra (Naja nigricollis) venom.
Box jellyfish (Chironex fleckeri). Australia. Warning sign for box jellyfish (Chironex fleckeri). Australia.

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Biosphere
25823_360.jpg (15299 bytes) Logging in the rain forest of Amazonas. French Guyana.
Road construction in the Amazonian rain forest. Ecuador.
Oil exploration in the Amazonian rain forest. Ecuador.
Sea turtle eggs offered for sale at an evening market. Philippines.
Elephants crossing. Mikumi National Park. Tanzania.
Gold mine in the Amazonian rain forest.  Miners apply mercury in the purification process that is left behind on the mining site. Suriname.

Coco palm (Cocos nucifera). Papua New Guinea.

Loging in Borneo. Indonesia.
21746_160.jpg (19678 bytes) The skin of boa constrictor (Boa constrictor) offered for sale. Ecuador.
Light trap in the Amazonas for faunistic survey. French Guyana.

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Herpetology | Toxinology | Biosphere